For millions of Muslims worldwide, performing Hajj or Umrah is one of the most sacred acts of worship—a journey of faith, humility, and devotion. At the heart of this journey lies the state of Ihram—a spiritual and physical preparation that symbolizes equality, purity, and submission to Allah.
For first-time pilgrims, however, understanding how to wear Ihram can feel overwhelming. This comprehensive guide breaks down the process into clear, manageable steps, ensuring you begin your pilgrimage in a state of complete readiness and peace.
WHAT IS IHRAM?
Ihram is more than just clothing—it is a state of spiritual sanctity that begins before crossing the Miqat (boundary for Hajj and Umrah). For men, it involves wearing two simple white garments. For women, it involves modest attire. But the true essence of Ihram lies in its intention (niyyah), symbolizing the pilgrim’s departure from worldly distractions and total dedication to Allah.
STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE TO WEARING IHRAM
1. PREPARATION FOR IHRAM
Before wearing Ihram, follow these preparatory steps:
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Perform ghusl (ritual bath)
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Trim nails, remove body hair as needed
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Apply non-alcoholic perfume to the body (not to the garments)
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Wear Ihram garments in a state of cleanliness
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Make the intention (niyyah) and recite the Talbiyah to officially enter the state of Ihram
Note: Once in Ihram, applying perfume or engaging in grooming is prohibited.
IHRAM FOR MEN
Men wear two unstitched white garments:
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Izar – wrapped around the lower body
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Rida – draped over the upper body
There are three main stages: wrapping the lower garment, draping the upper cloth, and performing Idtiba.
WRAPPING THE LOWER GARMENT (IZAR)
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Hold the cloth behind your lower back, horizontally.
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Wrap the right side across to the left and then the left to the right.
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Tuck or fold the cloth securely around the waist.
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The cloth must cover the area from the navel to the knees.
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Use an Ihram belt to hold it in place if needed—pins or stitches are discouraged.
DRAPING THE UPPER GARMENT (RIDA)
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Hold the cloth behind your shoulders.
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Drape it over the left shoulder and bring the right side around.
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Cover both shoulders modestly and securely.
After donning both pieces, it is recommended (but not mandatory) to pray two Rak’ahs of Nafil Salah, unless it’s a disliked time.
PERFORMING IDTIBA (UNCOVERING THE RIGHT SHOULDER)
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Only during Tawaf in the Mataf area (around the Kaaba), men should perform Idtiba:
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This is a Sunnah and should only be done during Tawaf.
Pass one end of the Rida under the right armpit and over the left shoulder, leaving the right shoulder exposed.
IHRAM FOR WOMEN
Women do not wear the two-piece white cloth. Instead, they should:
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Wear loose, modest, non-transparent clothing
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White or light-colored clothing is preferred, though not obligatory
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Avoid adornment or eye-catching designs
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Face and hands should remain uncovered
Important: Women do not perform Idtiba or Ramal (quick walking in Tawaf), as these are specific to men.
PRACTICAL TIPS FOR MAINTAINING IHRAM
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Know the Prohibitions: Avoid cutting hair or nails, applying scents, engaging in marital relations, hunting, or harming living beings while in Ihram.
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Stay Cool & Comfortable: Choose breathable fabrics, especially for warmer climates.
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Secure Your Ihram: Practice wearing and walking in Ihram garments to avoid discomfort or accidents during crowded moments.
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Stay Focused: Use this time to engage in remembrance, du’a, and reflection.
“Lawful to you are the animals of grazing livestock except for that which is recited to you [in this Qur’an] – hunting not being permitted while you are in the state of Ihram.”
[Qur’an 5:1]
CONCLUSION
Wearing Ihram properly is the first spiritual step in your journey to Hajj or Umrah. It’s more than just donning white cloth—it’s about purifying your intention, embodying humility, and preparing your soul for the sacred rituals ahead.
Whether you’re preparing for Umrah in Ramadan or Hajj in Dhul Hijjah, following these steps ensures you’re fully ready—physically and spiritually. Let Ihram be your gateway to transformation, devotion, and closeness to Allah.
